Template:By

by

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This documentation is transcluded from Template:By/doc.

Returns the word "by" in the language setting of the user's interface.

Usage

{{By}}

Template parameters

Parameter	Description		Default	Status
1	This optional parameter can be used to specify a user. The value of that parameter is used as an argument for the template U except when it starts with either "&", "<", "[" or "{" — it will be used as-it-is e.g. wikilinks; other user name templates like {{Ut}}, {{Uw}}; or &#8202; whith userlist the correctly translated conjunction will be displayed. This option is useful for other templates displaying file names, e.g. {{F}} {{Igen}} {{Attrib}} {{Attribs}} {{Original}} {{Derivative}} {{Own using}} {{Own based}} {{Derived from}} {{Extracted from}} {{Image extracted}} {{Transferred from}} {{Retouched picture}} {{Derivative versions}}		empty	optional
2	nl or br to force a final line feed; otherwise same line continuation may follow		nothing	optional
3	ns"no space" - suppress leading space may also set as the 2nd parameter		space	optional
4	with + or - the namespace user: is written may also set as the 2nd or 3rd parameter		empty	optional
mc=	set to mc=y if used for #Meta categories		empty	optional

Additional information

The template is intended to be used in the following namespaces: all namespaces

The template is intended to be used by the following user groups: all users

See also

Template:{{I18n/by}} and the Comparison table

See also the explanations in the Comparison table.

Link or textual

Normally the argument of the By template is a user name, and a link to the user page occurs using Template:U.
Sometimes this automatism is not desired; when e.g. no user page exists and the link should be e.g. to the user talk page.
In such cases the complete link can be coded as the argument, e.g. |by={{U|user}}, |by={{Ut|user}}, |by={{Uw|user}}, |by={{Uwt|user}}.
The first character either "&" (Unicode), "<" (e.g. a table as from {{Creator}}), "[" or "{" (a link) will be recognized by the template,
and the parameter is passed without treating it as an argument for the Template:U.
Instead of a single user id, a userlist can specify a number of users; for formatting options, see Template:Userlist.

Another possibility can be that flat text should be used as the argument. This can be signalled to the template with special prefixes,
as either one of the doubles &&, ((, .., << or the pairs (), <>, [], {}.
Such two-character prefixes are removed from the argument before it is passed.

Nolink examples:

• {{By|&&flattext}} →  by flattext
• {{By|((flattext}} →  by flattext
• {{By|..flattext}} →  by flattext 0 ".." is easy to type on most keyboards
• {{By|<<flattext}} →  by flattext 0 "<<" is easy to type on German-layout keyboards
• {{By|<>flattext}} →  by flattext
• {{By|[]flattext}} →  by flattext 0 "[]" is easy to type on American-layout keyboards

Meta categories

It's a problem that the English "by" has different translation depending on the semantics.

Deutsch: Je nach der Bedeutung muss "by" in von (jemandem), durch (etwas bzw. jemanden) oder nach (einem Kriterium) übersetzt werden.

Die Vorlage differenziert in

• "durch" (Standard)
• "von" (wenn ein Benutzername folgt)
• "nach" (wenn der Parameter mc= [für "Metakategorie"] gesetzt ist)